/* Copyright (C) 1991-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU C Library.
The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
/*
* ISO C99 Standard: 7.21 String handling <string.h>
*/
#ifndef _STRING_H
#define _STRING_H 1
#include <features.h>
__BEGIN_DECLS
/* Get size_t and NULL from <stddef.h>. */
#define __need_size_t
#define __need_NULL
#include <stddef.h>
/* Tell the caller that we provide correct C++ prototypes. */
#if defined __cplusplus && __GNUC_PREREQ (4, 4)
# define __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Copy N bytes of SRC to DEST. */
extern void *memcpy (void *__restrict __dest, const void *__restrict __src,
size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Copy N bytes of SRC to DEST, guaranteeing
correct behavior for overlapping strings. */
extern void *memmove (void *__dest, const void *__src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Copy no more than N bytes of SRC to DEST, stopping when C is found.
Return the position in DEST one byte past where C was copied,
or NULL if C was not found in the first N bytes of SRC. */
#if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN
extern void *memccpy (void *__restrict __dest, const void *__restrict __src,
int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif /* SVID. */
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Set N bytes of S to C. */
extern void *memset (void *__s, int __c, size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
/* Compare N bytes of S1 and S2. */
extern int memcmp (const void *__s1, const void *__s2, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Search N bytes of S for C. */
#ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern void *memchr (void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __asm ("memchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern const void *memchr (const void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __asm ("memchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
__extern_always_inline void *
memchr (void *__s, int __c, size_t __n) __THROW
{
return __builtin_memchr (__s, __c, __n);
}
__extern_always_inline const void *
memchr (const void *__s, int __c, size_t __n) __THROW
{
return __builtin_memchr (__s, __c, __n);
}
# endif
}
#else
extern void *memchr (const void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* Search in S for C. This is similar to `memchr' but there is no
length limit. */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++" void *rawmemchr (void *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("rawmemchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern "C++" const void *rawmemchr (const void *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("rawmemchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# else
extern void *rawmemchr (const void *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# endif
/* Search N bytes of S for the final occurrence of C. */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++" void *memrchr (void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __asm ("memrchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern "C++" const void *memrchr (const void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __asm ("memrchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# else
extern void *memrchr (const void *__s, int __c, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# endif
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Copy SRC to DEST. */
extern char *strcpy (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Copy no more than N characters of SRC to DEST. */
extern char *strncpy (char *__restrict __dest,
const char *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Append SRC onto DEST. */
extern char *strcat (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Append no more than N characters from SRC onto DEST. */
extern char *strncat (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src,
size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Compare S1 and S2. */
extern int strcmp (const char *__s1, const char *__s2)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Compare N characters of S1 and S2. */
extern int strncmp (const char *__s1, const char *__s2, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Compare the collated forms of S1 and S2. */
extern int strcoll (const char *__s1, const char *__s2)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Put a transformation of SRC into no more than N bytes of DEST. */
extern size_t strxfrm (char *__restrict __dest,
const char *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((2));
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* The following functions are equivalent to the both above but they
take the locale they use for the collation as an extra argument.
This is not standardsized but something like will come. */
# include <xlocale.h>
/* Compare the collated forms of S1 and S2 using rules from L. */
extern int strcoll_l (const char *__s1, const char *__s2, __locale_t __l)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2, 3));
/* Put a transformation of SRC into no more than N bytes of DEST. */
extern size_t strxfrm_l (char *__dest, const char *__src, size_t __n,
__locale_t __l) __THROW __nonnull ((2, 4));
#endif
#if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED \
|| defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Duplicate S, returning an identical malloc'd string. */
extern char *strdup (const char *__s)
__THROW __attribute_malloc__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
/* Return a malloc'd copy of at most N bytes of STRING. The
resultant string is terminated even if no null terminator
appears before STRING[N]. */
#if defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
extern char *strndup (const char *__string, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_malloc__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
#if defined __USE_GNU && defined __GNUC__
/* Duplicate S, returning an identical alloca'd string. */
# define strdupa(s) \
(__extension__ \
({ \
const char *__old = (s); \
size_t __len = strlen (__old) + 1; \
char *__new = (char *) __builtin_alloca (__len); \
(char *) memcpy (__new, __old, __len); \
}))
/* Return an alloca'd copy of at most N bytes of string. */
# define strndupa(s, n) \
(__extension__ \
({ \
const char *__old = (s); \
size_t __len = strnlen (__old, (n)); \
char *__new = (char *) __builtin_alloca (__len + 1); \
__new[__len] = '\0'; \
(char *) memcpy (__new, __old, __len); \
}))
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Find the first occurrence of C in S. */
#ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *strchr (char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern const char *strchr (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
__extern_always_inline char *
strchr (char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strchr (__s, __c);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
strchr (const char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strchr (__s, __c);
}
# endif
}
#else
extern char *strchr (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
/* Find the last occurrence of C in S. */
#ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *strrchr (char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strrchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern const char *strrchr (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strrchr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
__extern_always_inline char *
strrchr (char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strrchr (__s, __c);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
strrchr (const char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strrchr (__s, __c);
}
# endif
}
#else
extern char *strrchr (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* This function is similar to `strchr'. But it returns a pointer to
the closing NUL byte in case C is not found in S. */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++" char *strchrnul (char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strchrnul") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern "C++" const char *strchrnul (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("strchrnul") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# else
extern char *strchrnul (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# endif
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Return the length of the initial segment of S which
consists entirely of characters not in REJECT. */
extern size_t strcspn (const char *__s, const char *__reject)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Return the length of the initial segment of S which
consists entirely of characters in ACCEPT. */
extern size_t strspn (const char *__s, const char *__accept)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Find the first occurrence in S of any character in ACCEPT. */
#ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *strpbrk (char *__s, const char *__accept)
__THROW __asm ("strpbrk") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern const char *strpbrk (const char *__s, const char *__accept)
__THROW __asm ("strpbrk") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
# ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
__extern_always_inline char *
strpbrk (char *__s, const char *__accept) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strpbrk (__s, __accept);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
strpbrk (const char *__s, const char *__accept) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strpbrk (__s, __accept);
}
# endif
}
#else
extern char *strpbrk (const char *__s, const char *__accept)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif
/* Find the first occurrence of NEEDLE in HAYSTACK. */
#ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *strstr (char *__haystack, const char *__needle)
__THROW __asm ("strstr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern const char *strstr (const char *__haystack, const char *__needle)
__THROW __asm ("strstr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
# ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
__extern_always_inline char *
strstr (char *__haystack, const char *__needle) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strstr (__haystack, __needle);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
strstr (const char *__haystack, const char *__needle) __THROW
{
return __builtin_strstr (__haystack, __needle);
}
# endif
}
#else
extern char *strstr (const char *__haystack, const char *__needle)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif
/* Divide S into tokens separated by characters in DELIM. */
extern char *strtok (char *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __delim)
__THROW __nonnull ((2));
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Divide S into tokens separated by characters in DELIM. Information
passed between calls are stored in SAVE_PTR. */
extern char *__strtok_r (char *__restrict __s,
const char *__restrict __delim,
char **__restrict __save_ptr)
__THROW __nonnull ((2, 3));
#if defined __USE_POSIX || defined __USE_MISC
extern char *strtok_r (char *__restrict __s, const char *__restrict __delim,
char **__restrict __save_ptr)
__THROW __nonnull ((2, 3));
#endif
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* Similar to `strstr' but this function ignores the case of both strings. */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++" char *strcasestr (char *__haystack, const char *__needle)
__THROW __asm ("strcasestr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern "C++" const char *strcasestr (const char *__haystack,
const char *__needle)
__THROW __asm ("strcasestr") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
# else
extern char *strcasestr (const char *__haystack, const char *__needle)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
# endif
#endif
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* Find the first occurrence of NEEDLE in HAYSTACK.
NEEDLE is NEEDLELEN bytes long;
HAYSTACK is HAYSTACKLEN bytes long. */
extern void *memmem (const void *__haystack, size_t __haystacklen,
const void *__needle, size_t __needlelen)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 3));
/* Copy N bytes of SRC to DEST, return pointer to bytes after the
last written byte. */
extern void *__mempcpy (void *__restrict __dest,
const void *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern void *mempcpy (void *__restrict __dest,
const void *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Return the length of S. */
extern size_t strlen (const char *__s)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Find the length of STRING, but scan at most MAXLEN characters.
If no '\0' terminator is found in that many characters, return MAXLEN. */
extern size_t strnlen (const char *__string, size_t __maxlen)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
#endif
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Return a string describing the meaning of the `errno' code in ERRNUM. */
extern char *strerror (int __errnum) __THROW;
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#if defined __USE_XOPEN2K || defined __USE_MISC
/* Reentrant version of `strerror'.
There are 2 flavors of `strerror_r', GNU which returns the string
and may or may not use the supplied temporary buffer and POSIX one
which fills the string into the buffer.
To use the POSIX version, -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600 or -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L
without -D_GNU_SOURCE is needed, otherwise the GNU version is
preferred. */
# if defined __USE_XOPEN2K && !defined __USE_GNU
/* Fill BUF with a string describing the meaning of the `errno' code in
ERRNUM. */
# ifdef __REDIRECT_NTH
extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (strerror_r,
(int __errnum, char *__buf, size_t __buflen),
__xpg_strerror_r) __nonnull ((2));
# else
extern int __xpg_strerror_r (int __errnum, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
__THROW __nonnull ((2));
# define strerror_r __xpg_strerror_r
# endif
# else
/* If a temporary buffer is required, at most BUFLEN bytes of BUF will be
used. */
extern char *strerror_r (int __errnum, char *__buf, size_t __buflen)
__THROW __nonnull ((2)) __wur;
# endif
#endif
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Translate error number to string according to the locale L. */
extern char *strerror_l (int __errnum, __locale_t __l) __THROW;
#endif
/* We define this function always since `bzero' is sometimes needed when
the namespace rules does not allow this. */
extern void __bzero (void *__s, size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
#ifdef __USE_BSD
/* Copy N bytes of SRC to DEST (like memmove, but args reversed). */
extern void bcopy (const void *__src, void *__dest, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Set N bytes of S to 0. */
extern void bzero (void *__s, size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
/* Compare N bytes of S1 and S2 (same as memcmp). */
extern int bcmp (const void *__s1, const void *__s2, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Find the first occurrence of C in S (same as strchr). */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *index (char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("index") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern const char *index (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("index") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# if defined __OPTIMIZE__ && !defined __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRINGS_H_PROTO
__extern_always_inline char *
index (char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_index (__s, __c);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
index (const char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_index (__s, __c);
}
# endif
}
# else
extern char *index (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# endif
/* Find the last occurrence of C in S (same as strrchr). */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++"
{
extern char *rindex (char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("rindex") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
extern const char *rindex (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __asm ("rindex") __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# if defined __OPTIMIZE__ && !defined __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRINGS_H_PROTO
__extern_always_inline char *
rindex (char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_rindex (__s, __c);
}
__extern_always_inline const char *
rindex (const char *__s, int __c) __THROW
{
return __builtin_rindex (__s, __c);
}
#endif
}
# else
extern char *rindex (const char *__s, int __c)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1));
# endif
/* Return the position of the first bit set in I, or 0 if none are set.
The least-significant bit is position 1, the most-significant 32. */
extern int ffs (int __i) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
/* The following two functions are non-standard but necessary for non-32 bit
platforms. */
# ifdef __USE_GNU
extern int ffsl (long int __l) __THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
# ifdef __GNUC__
__extension__ extern int ffsll (long long int __ll)
__THROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
# endif
# endif
/* Compare S1 and S2, ignoring case. */
extern int strcasecmp (const char *__s1, const char *__s2)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Compare no more than N chars of S1 and S2, ignoring case. */
extern int strncasecmp (const char *__s1, const char *__s2, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif /* Use BSD. */
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* Again versions of a few functions which use the given locale instead
of the global one. */
extern int strcasecmp_l (const char *__s1, const char *__s2,
__locale_t __loc)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2, 3));
extern int strncasecmp_l (const char *__s1, const char *__s2,
size_t __n, __locale_t __loc)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2, 4));
#endif
#ifdef __USE_BSD
/* Return the next DELIM-delimited token from *STRINGP,
terminating it with a '\0', and update *STRINGP to point past it. */
extern char *strsep (char **__restrict __stringp,
const char *__restrict __delim)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Return a string describing the meaning of the signal number in SIG. */
extern char *strsignal (int __sig) __THROW;
/* Copy SRC to DEST, returning the address of the terminating '\0' in DEST. */
extern char *__stpcpy (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern char *stpcpy (char *__restrict __dest, const char *__restrict __src)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Copy no more than N characters of SRC to DEST, returning the address of
the last character written into DEST. */
extern char *__stpncpy (char *__restrict __dest,
const char *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
extern char *stpncpy (char *__restrict __dest,
const char *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW __nonnull ((1, 2));
#endif
#ifdef __USE_GNU
/* Compare S1 and S2 as strings holding name & indices/version numbers. */
extern int strverscmp (const char *__s1, const char *__s2)
__THROW __attribute_pure__ __nonnull ((1, 2));
/* Sautee STRING briskly. */
extern char *strfry (char *__string) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
/* Frobnicate N bytes of S. */
extern void *memfrob (void *__s, size_t __n) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
# ifndef basename
/* Return the file name within directory of FILENAME. We don't
declare the function if the `basename' macro is available (defined
in <libgen.h>) which makes the XPG version of this function
available. */
# ifdef __CORRECT_ISO_CPP_STRING_H_PROTO
extern "C++" char *basename (char *__filename)
__THROW __asm ("basename") __nonnull ((1));
extern "C++" const char *basename (const char *__filename)
__THROW __asm ("basename") __nonnull ((1));
# else
extern char *basename (const char *__filename) __THROW __nonnull ((1));
# endif
# endif
#endif
#if defined __GNUC__ && __GNUC__ >= 2
# if defined __OPTIMIZE__ && !defined __OPTIMIZE_SIZE__ \
&& !defined __NO_INLINE__ && !defined __cplusplus
/* When using GNU CC we provide some optimized versions of selected
functions from this header. There are two kinds of optimizations:
- machine-dependent optimizations, most probably using inline
assembler code; these might be quite expensive since the code
size can increase significantly.
These optimizations are not used unless the symbol
__USE_STRING_INLINES
is defined before including this header.
- machine-independent optimizations which do not increase the
code size significantly and which optimize mainly situations
where one or more arguments are compile-time constants.
These optimizations are used always when the compiler is
taught to optimize.
One can inhibit all optimizations by defining __NO_STRING_INLINES. */
/* Get the machine-dependent optimizations (if any). */
# include <bits/string.h>
/* These are generic optimizations which do not add too much inline code. */
# include <bits/string2.h>
# endif
# if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function
/* Functions with security checks. */
# include <bits/string3.h>
# endif
#endif
__END_DECLS
#endif /* string.h */
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Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.
KIET DO
Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.
Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.
TAYLOR SCHAUB
Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.
Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.
THE BOOTCAMP
How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?
Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps
We have done these all over the world.
These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.
-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.
-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.
-We are entirely character-driven.
-We are driven by pictures and real events.
-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.
Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.
We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.
We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.
We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.
For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.
In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.
We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.
We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.
In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.
British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.
We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.
Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.
He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.
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