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Current File : //usr/include/pgsql/server/storage/fd.h

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * fd.h
 *	  Virtual file descriptor definitions.
 *
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2012, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 * src/include/storage/fd.h
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

/*
 * calls:
 *
 *	File {Close, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Sync}
 *	{File Name Open, Allocate, Free} File
 *
 * These are NOT JUST RENAMINGS OF THE UNIX ROUTINES.
 * Use them for all file activity...
 *
 *	File fd;
 *	fd = FilePathOpenFile("foo", O_RDONLY, 0600);
 *
 *	AllocateFile();
 *	FreeFile();
 *
 * Use AllocateFile, not fopen, if you need a stdio file (FILE*); then
 * use FreeFile, not fclose, to close it.  AVOID using stdio for files
 * that you intend to hold open for any length of time, since there is
 * no way for them to share kernel file descriptors with other files.
 *
 * Likewise, use AllocateDir/FreeDir, not opendir/closedir, to allocate
 * open directories (DIR*).
 */
#ifndef FD_H
#define FD_H

#include <dirent.h>


/*
 * FileSeek uses the standard UNIX lseek(2) flags.
 */

typedef char *FileName;

typedef int File;


/* GUC parameter */
extern int	max_files_per_process;

/*
 * This is private to fd.c, but exported for save/restore_backend_variables()
 */
extern int	max_safe_fds;


/*
 * prototypes for functions in fd.c
 */

/* Operations on virtual Files --- equivalent to Unix kernel file ops */
extern File PathNameOpenFile(FileName fileName, int fileFlags, int fileMode);
extern File OpenTemporaryFile(bool interXact);
extern void FileClose(File file);
extern int	FilePrefetch(File file, off_t offset, int amount);
extern int	FileRead(File file, char *buffer, int amount);
extern int	FileWrite(File file, char *buffer, int amount);
extern int	FileSync(File file);
extern off_t FileSeek(File file, off_t offset, int whence);
extern int	FileTruncate(File file, off_t offset);
extern char *FilePathName(File file);

/* Operations that allow use of regular stdio --- USE WITH CAUTION */
extern FILE *AllocateFile(const char *name, const char *mode);
extern int	FreeFile(FILE *file);

/* Operations to allow use of the <dirent.h> library routines */
extern DIR *AllocateDir(const char *dirname);
extern struct dirent *ReadDir(DIR *dir, const char *dirname);
extern int	FreeDir(DIR *dir);

/* If you've really really gotta have a plain kernel FD, use this */
extern int	BasicOpenFile(FileName fileName, int fileFlags, int fileMode);

/* Miscellaneous support routines */
extern void InitFileAccess(void);
extern void set_max_safe_fds(void);
extern void closeAllVfds(void);
extern void SetTempTablespaces(Oid *tableSpaces, int numSpaces);
extern bool TempTablespacesAreSet(void);
extern Oid	GetNextTempTableSpace(void);
extern void AtEOXact_Files(void);
extern void AtEOSubXact_Files(bool isCommit, SubTransactionId mySubid,
				  SubTransactionId parentSubid);
extern void RemovePgTempFiles(void);

extern int	pg_fsync(int fd);
extern int	pg_fsync_no_writethrough(int fd);
extern int	pg_fsync_writethrough(int fd);
extern int	pg_fdatasync(int fd);
extern int	pg_flush_data(int fd, off_t offset, off_t amount);
extern void fsync_fname(const char *fname, bool isdir);
extern int	durable_rename(const char *oldfile, const char *newfile, int loglevel);
extern int	durable_link_or_rename(const char *oldfile, const char *newfile, int loglevel);
extern void SyncDataDirectory(void);

/* Filename components for OpenTemporaryFile */
#define PG_TEMP_FILES_DIR "pgsql_tmp"
#define PG_TEMP_FILE_PREFIX "pgsql_tmp"

#endif   /* FD_H */

Rosenblum TV: Video training, virtual workshops, classes, tutorials
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  • About
  • What We Do
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    • The BBC
    • CBS News
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    • The United Nations
    • McGraw/Hill
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    • Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
  • The Power of Storytelling
  • Why iPhones?
  • Michael on Media
  • Books
  • Contact
  • About
  • What We Do
  • Our Clients
  • Case Studies
    • The BBC
    • CBS News
    • New York Times Television
    • Spectrum News
    • The Newark Star-Ledger
    • The United Nations
    • McGraw/Hill
    • Oyster Yachts
    • Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
  • The Power of Storytelling
  • Why iPhones?
  • Michael on Media
  • Books
  • Contact

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts.  We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS Case Study Logos
CBS News

We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.

Learn More
NYT Case Study Logos
New York Times Television

We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.

Learn More
BBC Case Study Logos
The BBC

We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.

Learn More
Spectrum Case Study Logos
Spectrum News

For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.

Learn More
UN Case Study Logos
The United Nations

In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.

Learn More
Star Ledger Case Study Logos
The Newark Star-Ledger

We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.

Learn More
Mcgraw Hill Case Study Logos
Mcgraw Hill

We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.

Learn More
VOA Case Study Logos
Voice of America

In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.

Learn More
Oyster Case Study Logos
Oyster Yachts

British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.

Learn More
SEPA Case Study Logos
Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.

Learn More
Image 11-11-22 at 6.25 PM

Michael on Media

Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.

He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.

Continue reading this post or look back at previous posts.

Read More

Do You Have Questions About Learning Video Skills?

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