/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR CDDL-1.0) */ /* * Virtual Device for Guest <-> VMM/Host communication, type definitions * which are also used for the vboxguest ioctl interface / by vboxsf * * Copyright (C) 2006-2016 Oracle Corporation */ #ifndef __UAPI_VBOX_VMMDEV_TYPES_H__ #define __UAPI_VBOX_VMMDEV_TYPES_H__ #include <asm/bitsperlong.h> #include <linux/types.h> /* * We cannot use linux' compiletime_assert here because it expects to be used * inside a function only. Use a typedef to a char array with a negative size. */ #define VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(type, size) \ typedef char type ## _asrt_size[1 - 2*!!(sizeof(struct type) != (size))] /** enum vmmdev_request_type - VMMDev request types. */ enum vmmdev_request_type { VMMDEVREQ_INVALID_REQUEST = 0, VMMDEVREQ_GET_MOUSE_STATUS = 1, VMMDEVREQ_SET_MOUSE_STATUS = 2, VMMDEVREQ_SET_POINTER_SHAPE = 3, VMMDEVREQ_GET_HOST_VERSION = 4, VMMDEVREQ_IDLE = 5, VMMDEVREQ_GET_HOST_TIME = 10, VMMDEVREQ_GET_HYPERVISOR_INFO = 20, VMMDEVREQ_SET_HYPERVISOR_INFO = 21, VMMDEVREQ_REGISTER_PATCH_MEMORY = 22, /* since version 3.0.6 */ VMMDEVREQ_DEREGISTER_PATCH_MEMORY = 23, /* since version 3.0.6 */ VMMDEVREQ_SET_POWER_STATUS = 30, VMMDEVREQ_ACKNOWLEDGE_EVENTS = 41, VMMDEVREQ_CTL_GUEST_FILTER_MASK = 42, VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_INFO = 50, VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_INFO2 = 58, /* since version 3.2.0 */ VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_STATUS = 59, /* since version 3.2.8 */ VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_USER_STATE = 74, /* since version 4.3 */ /* Retrieve a display resize request sent by the host, deprecated. */ VMMDEVREQ_GET_DISPLAY_CHANGE_REQ = 51, VMMDEVREQ_VIDEMODE_SUPPORTED = 52, VMMDEVREQ_GET_HEIGHT_REDUCTION = 53, /** * @VMMDEVREQ_GET_DISPLAY_CHANGE_REQ2: * Retrieve a display resize request sent by the host. * * Queries a display resize request sent from the host. If the * event_ack member is sent to true and there is an unqueried request * available for one of the virtual display then that request will * be returned. If several displays have unqueried requests the lowest * numbered display will be chosen first. Only the most recent unseen * request for each display is remembered. * If event_ack is set to false, the last host request queried with * event_ack set is resent, or failing that the most recent received * from the host. If no host request was ever received then all zeros * are returned. */ VMMDEVREQ_GET_DISPLAY_CHANGE_REQ2 = 54, VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_CAPABILITIES = 55, VMMDEVREQ_SET_GUEST_CAPABILITIES = 56, VMMDEVREQ_VIDEMODE_SUPPORTED2 = 57, /* since version 3.2.0 */ VMMDEVREQ_GET_DISPLAY_CHANGE_REQEX = 80, /* since version 4.2.4 */ VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CONNECT = 60, VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_DISCONNECT = 61, VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL32 = 62, VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL64 = 63, VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CANCEL = 64, VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CANCEL2 = 65, VMMDEVREQ_VIDEO_ACCEL_ENABLE = 70, VMMDEVREQ_VIDEO_ACCEL_FLUSH = 71, VMMDEVREQ_VIDEO_SET_VISIBLE_REGION = 72, VMMDEVREQ_GET_SEAMLESS_CHANGE_REQ = 73, VMMDEVREQ_QUERY_CREDENTIALS = 100, VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_CREDENTIALS_JUDGEMENT = 101, VMMDEVREQ_REPORT_GUEST_STATS = 110, VMMDEVREQ_GET_MEMBALLOON_CHANGE_REQ = 111, VMMDEVREQ_GET_STATISTICS_CHANGE_REQ = 112, VMMDEVREQ_CHANGE_MEMBALLOON = 113, VMMDEVREQ_GET_VRDPCHANGE_REQ = 150, VMMDEVREQ_LOG_STRING = 200, VMMDEVREQ_GET_CPU_HOTPLUG_REQ = 210, VMMDEVREQ_SET_CPU_HOTPLUG_STATUS = 211, VMMDEVREQ_REGISTER_SHARED_MODULE = 212, VMMDEVREQ_UNREGISTER_SHARED_MODULE = 213, VMMDEVREQ_CHECK_SHARED_MODULES = 214, VMMDEVREQ_GET_PAGE_SHARING_STATUS = 215, VMMDEVREQ_DEBUG_IS_PAGE_SHARED = 216, VMMDEVREQ_GET_SESSION_ID = 217, /* since version 3.2.8 */ VMMDEVREQ_WRITE_COREDUMP = 218, VMMDEVREQ_GUEST_HEARTBEAT = 219, VMMDEVREQ_HEARTBEAT_CONFIGURE = 220, /* Ensure the enum is a 32 bit data-type */ VMMDEVREQ_SIZEHACK = 0x7fffffff }; #if __BITS_PER_LONG == 64 #define VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL64 #else #define VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL VMMDEVREQ_HGCM_CALL32 #endif /** HGCM service location types. */ enum vmmdev_hgcm_service_location_type { VMMDEV_HGCM_LOC_INVALID = 0, VMMDEV_HGCM_LOC_LOCALHOST = 1, VMMDEV_HGCM_LOC_LOCALHOST_EXISTING = 2, /* Ensure the enum is a 32 bit data-type */ VMMDEV_HGCM_LOC_SIZEHACK = 0x7fffffff }; /** HGCM host service location. */ struct vmmdev_hgcm_service_location_localhost { /** Service name */ char service_name[128]; }; VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(vmmdev_hgcm_service_location_localhost, 128); /** HGCM service location. */ struct vmmdev_hgcm_service_location { /** Type of the location. */ enum vmmdev_hgcm_service_location_type type; union { struct vmmdev_hgcm_service_location_localhost localhost; } u; }; VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(vmmdev_hgcm_service_location, 128 + 4); /** HGCM function parameter type. */ enum vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter_type { VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_INVALID = 0, VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_32BIT = 1, VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_64BIT = 2, /** Deprecated Doesn't work, use PAGELIST. */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_PHYSADDR = 3, /** In and Out, user-memory */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR = 4, /** In, user-memory (read; host<-guest) */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR_IN = 5, /** Out, user-memory (write; host->guest) */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR_OUT = 6, /** In and Out, kernel-memory */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR_KERNEL = 7, /** In, kernel-memory (read; host<-guest) */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR_KERNEL_IN = 8, /** Out, kernel-memory (write; host->guest) */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LINADDR_KERNEL_OUT = 9, /** Physical addresses of locked pages for a buffer. */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_PAGELIST = 10, /* Ensure the enum is a 32 bit data-type */ VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_SIZEHACK = 0x7fffffff }; /** HGCM function parameter, 32-bit client. */ struct vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter32 { enum vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter_type type; union { __u32 value32; __u64 value64; struct { __u32 size; union { __u32 phys_addr; __u32 linear_addr; } u; } pointer; struct { /** Size of the buffer described by the page list. */ __u32 size; /** Relative to the request header. */ __u32 offset; } page_list; } u; } __attribute__((packed)); VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter32, 4 + 8); /** HGCM function parameter, 64-bit client. */ struct vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter64 { enum vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter_type type; union { __u32 value32; __u64 value64; struct { __u32 size; union { __u64 phys_addr; __u64 linear_addr; } u; } __attribute__((packed)) pointer; struct { /** Size of the buffer described by the page list. */ __u32 size; /** Relative to the request header. */ __u32 offset; } page_list; } __attribute__((packed)) u; } __attribute__((packed)); VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter64, 4 + 12); #if __BITS_PER_LONG == 64 #define vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter64 #else #define vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter vmmdev_hgcm_function_parameter32 #endif #define VMMDEV_HGCM_F_PARM_DIRECTION_NONE 0x00000000U #define VMMDEV_HGCM_F_PARM_DIRECTION_TO_HOST 0x00000001U #define VMMDEV_HGCM_F_PARM_DIRECTION_FROM_HOST 0x00000002U #define VMMDEV_HGCM_F_PARM_DIRECTION_BOTH 0x00000003U /** * struct vmmdev_hgcm_pagelist - VMMDEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_PAGELIST parameters * point to this structure to actually describe the buffer. */ struct vmmdev_hgcm_pagelist { __u32 flags; /** VMMDEV_HGCM_F_PARM_*. */ __u16 offset_first_page; /** Data offset in the first page. */ __u16 page_count; /** Number of pages. */ __u64 pages[1]; /** Page addresses. */ }; VMMDEV_ASSERT_SIZE(vmmdev_hgcm_pagelist, 4 + 2 + 2 + 8); #endif

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS News

We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.

Learn More

New York Times Television

We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.

Learn More

The BBC

We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.

Learn More

Spectrum News

For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.

Learn More

The United Nations

In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.

Learn More

The Newark Star-Ledger

We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.

Learn More

Mcgraw Hill

We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.

Learn More

Voice of America

In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.

Learn More

Oyster Yachts

British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.

Learn More

Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.

Learn More

Michael on Media

Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.

He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.

Continue reading this post or look back at previous posts.

Do You Have Questions About Learning Video Skills?

If you would like to know more about our courses contact us and one of our training advisors will be happy to call you.

Your IP : 216.73.216.158

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS News

New York Times Television

The BBC

Spectrum News

The United Nations

The Newark Star-Ledger

Mcgraw Hill

Voice of America

Oyster Yachts

Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

Michael on Media