/* Access to locale-dependent parameters.
Copyright (C) 1995-2002,2003,2004,2005,2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of the GNU C Library.
The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
#ifndef _LANGINFO_H
#define _LANGINFO_H 1
/* Get the type definition. */
#include <nl_types.h>
#include <bits/locale.h> /* Define the __LC_* category names. */
__BEGIN_DECLS
/* Construct an `nl_item' value for `nl_langinfo' from a locale category
(LC_*) and an item index within the category. Some code may depend on
the item values within a category increasing monotonically with the
indices. */
#define _NL_ITEM(category, index) (((category) << 16) | (index))
/* Extract the category and item index from a constructed `nl_item' value. */
#define _NL_ITEM_CATEGORY(item) ((int) (item) >> 16)
#define _NL_ITEM_INDEX(item) ((int) (item) & 0xffff)
/* Enumeration of locale items that can be queried with `nl_langinfo'. */
enum
{
/* LC_TIME category: date and time formatting. */
/* Abbreviated days of the week. */
ABDAY_1 = _NL_ITEM (__LC_TIME, 0), /* Sun */
#define ABDAY_1 ABDAY_1
ABDAY_2,
#define ABDAY_2 ABDAY_2
ABDAY_3,
#define ABDAY_3 ABDAY_3
ABDAY_4,
#define ABDAY_4 ABDAY_4
ABDAY_5,
#define ABDAY_5 ABDAY_5
ABDAY_6,
#define ABDAY_6 ABDAY_6
ABDAY_7,
#define ABDAY_7 ABDAY_7
/* Long-named days of the week. */
DAY_1, /* Sunday */
#define DAY_1 DAY_1
DAY_2, /* Monday */
#define DAY_2 DAY_2
DAY_3, /* Tuesday */
#define DAY_3 DAY_3
DAY_4, /* Wednesday */
#define DAY_4 DAY_4
DAY_5, /* Thursday */
#define DAY_5 DAY_5
DAY_6, /* Friday */
#define DAY_6 DAY_6
DAY_7, /* Saturday */
#define DAY_7 DAY_7
/* Abbreviated month names. */
ABMON_1, /* Jan */
#define ABMON_1 ABMON_1
ABMON_2,
#define ABMON_2 ABMON_2
ABMON_3,
#define ABMON_3 ABMON_3
ABMON_4,
#define ABMON_4 ABMON_4
ABMON_5,
#define ABMON_5 ABMON_5
ABMON_6,
#define ABMON_6 ABMON_6
ABMON_7,
#define ABMON_7 ABMON_7
ABMON_8,
#define ABMON_8 ABMON_8
ABMON_9,
#define ABMON_9 ABMON_9
ABMON_10,
#define ABMON_10 ABMON_10
ABMON_11,
#define ABMON_11 ABMON_11
ABMON_12,
#define ABMON_12 ABMON_12
/* Long month names. */
MON_1, /* January */
#define MON_1 MON_1
MON_2,
#define MON_2 MON_2
MON_3,
#define MON_3 MON_3
MON_4,
#define MON_4 MON_4
MON_5,
#define MON_5 MON_5
MON_6,
#define MON_6 MON_6
MON_7,
#define MON_7 MON_7
MON_8,
#define MON_8 MON_8
MON_9,
#define MON_9 MON_9
MON_10,
#define MON_10 MON_10
MON_11,
#define MON_11 MON_11
MON_12,
#define MON_12 MON_12
AM_STR, /* Ante meridiem string. */
#define AM_STR AM_STR
PM_STR, /* Post meridiem string. */
#define PM_STR PM_STR
D_T_FMT, /* Date and time format for strftime. */
#define D_T_FMT D_T_FMT
D_FMT, /* Date format for strftime. */
#define D_FMT D_FMT
T_FMT, /* Time format for strftime. */
#define T_FMT T_FMT
T_FMT_AMPM, /* 12-hour time format for strftime. */
#define T_FMT_AMPM T_FMT_AMPM
ERA, /* Alternate era. */
#define ERA ERA
__ERA_YEAR, /* Year in alternate era format. */
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define ERA_YEAR __ERA_YEAR
#endif
ERA_D_FMT, /* Date in alternate era format. */
#define ERA_D_FMT ERA_D_FMT
ALT_DIGITS, /* Alternate symbols for digits. */
#define ALT_DIGITS ALT_DIGITS
ERA_D_T_FMT, /* Date and time in alternate era format. */
#define ERA_D_T_FMT ERA_D_T_FMT
ERA_T_FMT, /* Time in alternate era format. */
#define ERA_T_FMT ERA_T_FMT
_NL_TIME_ERA_NUM_ENTRIES, /* Number entries in the era arrays. */
_NL_TIME_ERA_ENTRIES, /* Structure with era entries in usable form.*/
_NL_WABDAY_1, /* Sun */
_NL_WABDAY_2,
_NL_WABDAY_3,
_NL_WABDAY_4,
_NL_WABDAY_5,
_NL_WABDAY_6,
_NL_WABDAY_7,
/* Long-named days of the week. */
_NL_WDAY_1, /* Sunday */
_NL_WDAY_2, /* Monday */
_NL_WDAY_3, /* Tuesday */
_NL_WDAY_4, /* Wednesday */
_NL_WDAY_5, /* Thursday */
_NL_WDAY_6, /* Friday */
_NL_WDAY_7, /* Saturday */
/* Abbreviated month names. */
_NL_WABMON_1, /* Jan */
_NL_WABMON_2,
_NL_WABMON_3,
_NL_WABMON_4,
_NL_WABMON_5,
_NL_WABMON_6,
_NL_WABMON_7,
_NL_WABMON_8,
_NL_WABMON_9,
_NL_WABMON_10,
_NL_WABMON_11,
_NL_WABMON_12,
/* Long month names. */
_NL_WMON_1, /* January */
_NL_WMON_2,
_NL_WMON_3,
_NL_WMON_4,
_NL_WMON_5,
_NL_WMON_6,
_NL_WMON_7,
_NL_WMON_8,
_NL_WMON_9,
_NL_WMON_10,
_NL_WMON_11,
_NL_WMON_12,
_NL_WAM_STR, /* Ante meridiem string. */
_NL_WPM_STR, /* Post meridiem string. */
_NL_WD_T_FMT, /* Date and time format for strftime. */
_NL_WD_FMT, /* Date format for strftime. */
_NL_WT_FMT, /* Time format for strftime. */
_NL_WT_FMT_AMPM, /* 12-hour time format for strftime. */
_NL_WERA_YEAR, /* Year in alternate era format. */
_NL_WERA_D_FMT, /* Date in alternate era format. */
_NL_WALT_DIGITS, /* Alternate symbols for digits. */
_NL_WERA_D_T_FMT, /* Date and time in alternate era format. */
_NL_WERA_T_FMT, /* Time in alternate era format. */
_NL_TIME_WEEK_NDAYS,
_NL_TIME_WEEK_1STDAY,
_NL_TIME_WEEK_1STWEEK,
_NL_TIME_FIRST_WEEKDAY,
_NL_TIME_FIRST_WORKDAY,
_NL_TIME_CAL_DIRECTION,
_NL_TIME_TIMEZONE,
_DATE_FMT, /* strftime format for date. */
#define _DATE_FMT _DATE_FMT
_NL_W_DATE_FMT,
_NL_TIME_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_TIME, /* Number of indices in LC_TIME category. */
/* LC_COLLATE category: text sorting.
This information is accessed by the strcoll and strxfrm functions.
These `nl_langinfo' names are used only internally. */
_NL_COLLATE_NRULES = _NL_ITEM (__LC_COLLATE, 0),
_NL_COLLATE_RULESETS,
_NL_COLLATE_TABLEMB,
_NL_COLLATE_WEIGHTMB,
_NL_COLLATE_EXTRAMB,
_NL_COLLATE_INDIRECTMB,
_NL_COLLATE_GAP1,
_NL_COLLATE_GAP2,
_NL_COLLATE_GAP3,
_NL_COLLATE_TABLEWC,
_NL_COLLATE_WEIGHTWC,
_NL_COLLATE_EXTRAWC,
_NL_COLLATE_INDIRECTWC,
_NL_COLLATE_SYMB_HASH_SIZEMB,
_NL_COLLATE_SYMB_TABLEMB,
_NL_COLLATE_SYMB_EXTRAMB,
_NL_COLLATE_COLLSEQMB,
_NL_COLLATE_COLLSEQWC,
_NL_COLLATE_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_COLLATE,
/* LC_CTYPE category: character classification.
This information is accessed by the functions in <ctype.h>.
These `nl_langinfo' names are used only internally. */
_NL_CTYPE_CLASS = _NL_ITEM (__LC_CTYPE, 0),
_NL_CTYPE_TOUPPER,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP1,
_NL_CTYPE_TOLOWER,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP2,
_NL_CTYPE_CLASS32,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP3,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP4,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP5,
_NL_CTYPE_GAP6,
_NL_CTYPE_CLASS_NAMES,
_NL_CTYPE_MAP_NAMES,
_NL_CTYPE_WIDTH,
_NL_CTYPE_MB_CUR_MAX,
_NL_CTYPE_CODESET_NAME,
CODESET = _NL_CTYPE_CODESET_NAME,
#define CODESET CODESET
_NL_CTYPE_TOUPPER32,
_NL_CTYPE_TOLOWER32,
_NL_CTYPE_CLASS_OFFSET,
_NL_CTYPE_MAP_OFFSET,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS_MB_LEN,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS0_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS1_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS2_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS3_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS4_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS5_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS6_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS7_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS8_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS9_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS_WC_LEN,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS0_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS1_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS2_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS3_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS4_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS5_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS6_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS7_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS8_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_INDIGITS9_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT0_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT1_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT2_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT3_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT4_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT5_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT6_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT7_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT8_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT9_MB,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT0_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT1_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT2_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT3_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT4_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT5_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT6_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT7_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT8_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_OUTDIGIT9_WC,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_TAB_SIZE,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_FROM_IDX,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_FROM_TBL,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_TO_IDX,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_TO_TBL,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_DEFAULT_MISSING_LEN,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_DEFAULT_MISSING,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_IGNORE_LEN,
_NL_CTYPE_TRANSLIT_IGNORE,
_NL_CTYPE_MAP_TO_NONASCII,
_NL_CTYPE_NONASCII_CASE,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_1,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_2,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_3,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_4,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_5,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_6,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_7,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_8,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_9,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_10,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_11,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_12,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_13,
_NL_CTYPE_EXTRA_MAP_14,
_NL_NUM_LC_CTYPE,
/* LC_MONETARY category: formatting of monetary quantities.
These items each correspond to a member of `struct lconv',
defined in <locale.h>. */
__INT_CURR_SYMBOL = _NL_ITEM (__LC_MONETARY, 0),
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_CURR_SYMBOL __INT_CURR_SYMBOL
#endif
__CURRENCY_SYMBOL,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define CURRENCY_SYMBOL __CURRENCY_SYMBOL
#endif
__MON_DECIMAL_POINT,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define MON_DECIMAL_POINT __MON_DECIMAL_POINT
#endif
__MON_THOUSANDS_SEP,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define MON_THOUSANDS_SEP __MON_THOUSANDS_SEP
#endif
__MON_GROUPING,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define MON_GROUPING __MON_GROUPING
#endif
__POSITIVE_SIGN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define POSITIVE_SIGN __POSITIVE_SIGN
#endif
__NEGATIVE_SIGN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define NEGATIVE_SIGN __NEGATIVE_SIGN
#endif
__INT_FRAC_DIGITS,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_FRAC_DIGITS __INT_FRAC_DIGITS
#endif
__FRAC_DIGITS,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define FRAC_DIGITS __FRAC_DIGITS
#endif
__P_CS_PRECEDES,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define P_CS_PRECEDES __P_CS_PRECEDES
#endif
__P_SEP_BY_SPACE,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define P_SEP_BY_SPACE __P_SEP_BY_SPACE
#endif
__N_CS_PRECEDES,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define N_CS_PRECEDES __N_CS_PRECEDES
#endif
__N_SEP_BY_SPACE,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define N_SEP_BY_SPACE __N_SEP_BY_SPACE
#endif
__P_SIGN_POSN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define P_SIGN_POSN __P_SIGN_POSN
#endif
__N_SIGN_POSN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define N_SIGN_POSN __N_SIGN_POSN
#endif
_NL_MONETARY_CRNCYSTR,
#define CRNCYSTR _NL_MONETARY_CRNCYSTR
__INT_P_CS_PRECEDES,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_P_CS_PRECEDES __INT_P_CS_PRECEDES
#endif
__INT_P_SEP_BY_SPACE,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_P_SEP_BY_SPACE __INT_P_SEP_BY_SPACE
#endif
__INT_N_CS_PRECEDES,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_N_CS_PRECEDES __INT_N_CS_PRECEDES
#endif
__INT_N_SEP_BY_SPACE,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_N_SEP_BY_SPACE __INT_N_SEP_BY_SPACE
#endif
__INT_P_SIGN_POSN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_P_SIGN_POSN __INT_P_SIGN_POSN
#endif
__INT_N_SIGN_POSN,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define INT_N_SIGN_POSN __INT_N_SIGN_POSN
#endif
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_CURR_SYMBOL,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_CURRENCY_SYMBOL,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_FRAC_DIGITS,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_FRAC_DIGITS,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_P_CS_PRECEDES,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_P_SEP_BY_SPACE,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_N_CS_PRECEDES,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_N_SEP_BY_SPACE,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_P_CS_PRECEDES,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_P_SEP_BY_SPACE,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_N_CS_PRECEDES,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_N_SEP_BY_SPACE,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_P_SIGN_POSN,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_N_SIGN_POSN,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_P_SIGN_POSN,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_INT_N_SIGN_POSN,
_NL_MONETARY_UNO_VALID_FROM,
_NL_MONETARY_UNO_VALID_TO,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_VALID_FROM,
_NL_MONETARY_DUO_VALID_TO,
_NL_MONETARY_CONVERSION_RATE,
_NL_MONETARY_DECIMAL_POINT_WC,
_NL_MONETARY_THOUSANDS_SEP_WC,
_NL_MONETARY_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_MONETARY,
/* LC_NUMERIC category: formatting of numbers.
These also correspond to members of `struct lconv'; see <locale.h>. */
__DECIMAL_POINT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_NUMERIC, 0),
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define DECIMAL_POINT __DECIMAL_POINT
#endif
RADIXCHAR = __DECIMAL_POINT,
#define RADIXCHAR RADIXCHAR
__THOUSANDS_SEP,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define THOUSANDS_SEP __THOUSANDS_SEP
#endif
THOUSEP = __THOUSANDS_SEP,
#define THOUSEP THOUSEP
__GROUPING,
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define GROUPING __GROUPING
#endif
_NL_NUMERIC_DECIMAL_POINT_WC,
_NL_NUMERIC_THOUSANDS_SEP_WC,
_NL_NUMERIC_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_NUMERIC,
__YESEXPR = _NL_ITEM (__LC_MESSAGES, 0), /* Regex matching ``yes'' input. */
#define YESEXPR __YESEXPR
__NOEXPR, /* Regex matching ``no'' input. */
#define NOEXPR __NOEXPR
__YESSTR, /* Output string for ``yes''. */
#if defined __USE_GNU || (defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K)
# define YESSTR __YESSTR
#endif
__NOSTR, /* Output string for ``no''. */
#if defined __USE_GNU || (defined __USE_XOPEN && !defined __USE_XOPEN2K)
# define NOSTR __NOSTR
#endif
_NL_MESSAGES_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_MESSAGES,
_NL_PAPER_HEIGHT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_PAPER, 0),
_NL_PAPER_WIDTH,
_NL_PAPER_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_PAPER,
_NL_NAME_NAME_FMT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_NAME, 0),
_NL_NAME_NAME_GEN,
_NL_NAME_NAME_MR,
_NL_NAME_NAME_MRS,
_NL_NAME_NAME_MISS,
_NL_NAME_NAME_MS,
_NL_NAME_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_NAME,
_NL_ADDRESS_POSTAL_FMT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_ADDRESS, 0),
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_NAME,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_POST,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_AB2,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_AB3,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_CAR,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_NUM,
_NL_ADDRESS_COUNTRY_ISBN,
_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_NAME,
_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_AB,
_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_TERM,
_NL_ADDRESS_LANG_LIB,
_NL_ADDRESS_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_ADDRESS,
_NL_TELEPHONE_TEL_INT_FMT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_TELEPHONE, 0),
_NL_TELEPHONE_TEL_DOM_FMT,
_NL_TELEPHONE_INT_SELECT,
_NL_TELEPHONE_INT_PREFIX,
_NL_TELEPHONE_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_TELEPHONE,
_NL_MEASUREMENT_MEASUREMENT = _NL_ITEM (__LC_MEASUREMENT, 0),
_NL_MEASUREMENT_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_MEASUREMENT,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TITLE = _NL_ITEM (__LC_IDENTIFICATION, 0),
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_SOURCE,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_ADDRESS,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_CONTACT,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_EMAIL,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TEL,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_FAX,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_LANGUAGE,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_TERRITORY,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_AUDIENCE,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_APPLICATION,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_ABBREVIATION,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_REVISION,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_DATE,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_CATEGORY,
_NL_IDENTIFICATION_CODESET,
_NL_NUM_LC_IDENTIFICATION,
/* This marks the highest value used. */
_NL_NUM
};
/* This macro produces an item you can pass to `nl_langinfo' or
`nl_langinfo_l' to get the name of the locale in use for CATEGORY. */
#define _NL_LOCALE_NAME(category) _NL_ITEM ((category), \
_NL_ITEM_INDEX (-1))
#ifdef __USE_GNU
# define NL_LOCALE_NAME(category) _NL_LOCALE_NAME (category)
#endif
/* Return the current locale's value for ITEM.
If ITEM is invalid, an empty string is returned.
The string returned will not change until `setlocale' is called;
it is usually in read-only memory and cannot be modified. */
extern char *nl_langinfo (nl_item __item) __THROW;
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
/* This interface is for the extended locale model. See <locale.h> for
more information. */
/* Get locale datatype definition. */
# include <xlocale.h>
/* Just like nl_langinfo but get the information from the locale object L. */
extern char *nl_langinfo_l (nl_item __item, __locale_t __l);
#endif
__END_DECLS
#endif /* langinfo.h */
Rosenblum TV: Video training, virtual workshops, classes, tutorials
RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*
A revolution in video storytelling
Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods
From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™
*and every other business that uses video
WHAT WE DO
Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.
We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.
No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.
This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.
In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.
In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.
It’s a combination that works.
We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.
And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.
EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE
ITAY HOD
Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.
Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.
Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.
KIET DO
Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.
Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.
TAYLOR SCHAUB
Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.
Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.
THE BOOTCAMP
How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?
Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps
We have done these all over the world.
These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.
-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.
-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.
-We are entirely character-driven.
-We are driven by pictures and real events.
-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.
Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.
We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.
We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.
We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.
For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.
In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.
We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.
We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.
In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.
British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.
We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.
Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.
He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.
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