Your IP : 216.73.216.209


Current Path : /usr/include/
Upload File :
Current File : //usr/include/fcntl.h

/* Copyright (C) 1991-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This file is part of the GNU C Library.

   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   Lesser General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

/*
 *	POSIX Standard: 6.5 File Control Operations	<fcntl.h>
 */

#ifndef	_FCNTL_H
#define	_FCNTL_H	1

#include <features.h>

/* This must be early so <bits/fcntl.h> can define types winningly.  */
__BEGIN_DECLS

/* Get __mode_t, __dev_t and __off_t  .*/
#include <bits/types.h>

/* Get the definitions of O_*, F_*, FD_*: all the
   numbers and flag bits for `open', `fcntl', et al.  */
#include <bits/fcntl.h>

/* Detect if open needs mode as a third argument (or for openat as a fourth
   argument).  */
#ifdef __O_TMPFILE
# define __OPEN_NEEDS_MODE(oflag) \
  (((oflag) & O_CREAT) != 0 || ((oflag) & __O_TMPFILE) == __O_TMPFILE)
#else
# define __OPEN_NEEDS_MODE(oflag) (((oflag) & O_CREAT) != 0)
#endif

/* POSIX.1-2001 specifies that these types are defined by <fcntl.h>.
   Earlier POSIX standards permitted any type ending in `_t' to be defined
   by any POSIX header, so we don't conditionalize the definitions here.  */
#ifndef __mode_t_defined
typedef __mode_t mode_t;
# define __mode_t_defined
#endif

#ifndef __off_t_defined
# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
typedef __off_t off_t;
# else
typedef __off64_t off_t;
# endif
# define __off_t_defined
#endif

#if defined __USE_LARGEFILE64 && !defined __off64_t_defined
typedef __off64_t off64_t;
# define __off64_t_defined
#endif

#ifndef __pid_t_defined
typedef __pid_t pid_t;
# define __pid_t_defined
#endif

/* For XPG all symbols from <sys/stat.h> should also be available.  */
#if defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
# define __need_timespec
# include <time.h>
# include <bits/stat.h>

# define S_IFMT		__S_IFMT
# define S_IFDIR	__S_IFDIR
# define S_IFCHR	__S_IFCHR
# define S_IFBLK	__S_IFBLK
# define S_IFREG	__S_IFREG
# ifdef __S_IFIFO
#  define S_IFIFO	__S_IFIFO
# endif
# ifdef __S_IFLNK
#  define S_IFLNK	__S_IFLNK
# endif
# if (defined __USE_UNIX98 || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8) && defined __S_IFSOCK
#  define S_IFSOCK	__S_IFSOCK
# endif

/* Protection bits.  */

# define S_ISUID	__S_ISUID       /* Set user ID on execution.  */
# define S_ISGID	__S_ISGID       /* Set group ID on execution.  */

# if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN
/* Save swapped text after use (sticky bit).  This is pretty well obsolete.  */
#  define S_ISVTX	__S_ISVTX
# endif

# define S_IRUSR	__S_IREAD       /* Read by owner.  */
# define S_IWUSR	__S_IWRITE      /* Write by owner.  */
# define S_IXUSR	__S_IEXEC       /* Execute by owner.  */
/* Read, write, and execute by owner.  */
# define S_IRWXU	(__S_IREAD|__S_IWRITE|__S_IEXEC)

# define S_IRGRP	(S_IRUSR >> 3)  /* Read by group.  */
# define S_IWGRP	(S_IWUSR >> 3)  /* Write by group.  */
# define S_IXGRP	(S_IXUSR >> 3)  /* Execute by group.  */
/* Read, write, and execute by group.  */
# define S_IRWXG	(S_IRWXU >> 3)

# define S_IROTH	(S_IRGRP >> 3)  /* Read by others.  */
# define S_IWOTH	(S_IWGRP >> 3)  /* Write by others.  */
# define S_IXOTH	(S_IXGRP >> 3)  /* Execute by others.  */
/* Read, write, and execute by others.  */
# define S_IRWXO	(S_IRWXG >> 3)
#endif

#ifdef	__USE_MISC
# ifndef R_OK			/* Verbatim from <unistd.h>.  Ugh.  */
/* Values for the second argument to access.
   These may be OR'd together.  */
#  define R_OK	4		/* Test for read permission.  */
#  define W_OK	2		/* Test for write permission.  */
#  define X_OK	1		/* Test for execute permission.  */
#  define F_OK	0		/* Test for existence.  */
# endif
#endif /* Use misc.  */

/* XPG wants the following symbols.   <stdio.h> has the same definitions.  */
#if defined __USE_XOPEN || defined __USE_XOPEN2K8
# define SEEK_SET	0	/* Seek from beginning of file.  */
# define SEEK_CUR	1	/* Seek from current position.  */
# define SEEK_END	2	/* Seek from end of file.  */
#endif	/* XPG */

#ifdef __USE_ATFILE
# define AT_FDCWD		-100	/* Special value used to indicate
					   the *at functions should use the
					   current working directory. */
# define AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW	0x100	/* Do not follow symbolic links.  */
# define AT_REMOVEDIR		0x200	/* Remove directory instead of
					   unlinking file.  */
# define AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW	0x400	/* Follow symbolic links.  */
# ifdef __USE_GNU
#  define AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT	0x800	/* Suppress terminal automount
					   traversal.  */
#  define AT_EMPTY_PATH		0x1000	/* Allow empty relative pathname.  */
# endif
# define AT_EACCESS		0x200	/* Test access permitted for
					   effective IDs, not real IDs.  */
#endif

/* Do the file control operation described by CMD on FD.
   The remaining arguments are interpreted depending on CMD.

   This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
   __THROW.  */
extern int fcntl (int __fd, int __cmd, ...);

/* Open FILE and return a new file descriptor for it, or -1 on error.
   OFLAG determines the type of access used.  If O_CREAT or O_TMPFILE is set
   in OFLAG, the third argument is taken as a `mode_t', the mode of the
   created file.

   This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
   __THROW.  */
#ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int open (const char *__file, int __oflag, ...) __nonnull ((1));
#else
# ifdef __REDIRECT
extern int __REDIRECT (open, (const char *__file, int __oflag, ...), open64)
     __nonnull ((1));
# else
#  define open open64
# endif
#endif
#ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int open64 (const char *__file, int __oflag, ...) __nonnull ((1));
#endif

#ifdef __USE_ATFILE
/* Similar to `open' but a relative path name is interpreted relative to
   the directory for which FD is a descriptor.

   NOTE: some other `openat' implementation support additional functionality
   through this interface, especially using the O_XATTR flag.  This is not
   yet supported here.

   This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
   __THROW.  */
# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int openat (int __fd, const char *__file, int __oflag, ...)
     __nonnull ((2));
# else
#  ifdef __REDIRECT
extern int __REDIRECT (openat, (int __fd, const char *__file, int __oflag,
				...), openat64) __nonnull ((2));
#  else
#   define openat openat64
#  endif
# endif
# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int openat64 (int __fd, const char *__file, int __oflag, ...)
     __nonnull ((2));
# endif
#endif

/* Create and open FILE, with mode MODE.  This takes an `int' MODE
   argument because that is what `mode_t' will be widened to.

   This function is a cancellation point and therefore not marked with
   __THROW.  */
#ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int creat (const char *__file, mode_t __mode) __nonnull ((1));
#else
# ifdef __REDIRECT
extern int __REDIRECT (creat, (const char *__file, mode_t __mode),
		       creat64) __nonnull ((1));
# else
#  define creat creat64
# endif
#endif
#ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int creat64 (const char *__file, mode_t __mode) __nonnull ((1));
#endif

#if !defined F_LOCK && (defined __USE_MISC || (defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED \
					       && !defined __USE_POSIX))
/* NOTE: These declarations also appear in <unistd.h>; be sure to keep both
   files consistent.  Some systems have them there and some here, and some
   software depends on the macros being defined without including both.  */

/* `lockf' is a simpler interface to the locking facilities of `fcntl'.
   LEN is always relative to the current file position.
   The CMD argument is one of the following.  */

# define F_ULOCK 0	/* Unlock a previously locked region.  */
# define F_LOCK  1	/* Lock a region for exclusive use.  */
# define F_TLOCK 2	/* Test and lock a region for exclusive use.  */
# define F_TEST  3	/* Test a region for other processes locks.  */

# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int lockf (int __fd, int __cmd, off_t __len);
# else
#  ifdef __REDIRECT
extern int __REDIRECT (lockf, (int __fd, int __cmd, __off64_t __len), lockf64);
#  else
#   define lockf lockf64
#  endif
# endif
# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int lockf64 (int __fd, int __cmd, off64_t __len);
# endif
#endif

#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K
/* Advice the system about the expected behaviour of the application with
   respect to the file associated with FD.  */
# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int posix_fadvise (int __fd, off_t __offset, off_t __len,
			  int __advise) __THROW;
# else
 # ifdef __REDIRECT_NTH
extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (posix_fadvise, (int __fd, __off64_t __offset,
					   __off64_t __len, int __advise),
			   posix_fadvise64);
#  else
#   define posix_fadvise posix_fadvise64
#  endif
# endif
# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int posix_fadvise64 (int __fd, off64_t __offset, off64_t __len,
			    int __advise) __THROW;
# endif


/* Reserve storage for the data of the file associated with FD.

   This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
   marked with __THROW.  */
# ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64
extern int posix_fallocate (int __fd, off_t __offset, off_t __len);
# else
 # ifdef __REDIRECT
extern int __REDIRECT (posix_fallocate, (int __fd, __off64_t __offset,
					 __off64_t __len),
		       posix_fallocate64);
#  else
#   define posix_fallocate posix_fallocate64
#  endif
# endif
# ifdef __USE_LARGEFILE64
extern int posix_fallocate64 (int __fd, off64_t __offset, off64_t __len);
# endif
#endif


/* Define some inlines helping to catch common problems.  */
#if __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL > 0 && defined __fortify_function \
    && defined __va_arg_pack_len
# include <bits/fcntl2.h>
#endif

__END_DECLS

#endif /* fcntl.h  */

Rosenblum TV: Video training, virtual workshops, classes, tutorials
logologologologo
  • About
  • What We Do
  • Our Clients
  • Case Studies
    • The BBC
    • CBS News
    • New York Times Television
    • Spectrum News
    • The Newark Star-Ledger
    • The United Nations
    • McGraw/Hill
    • Oyster Yachts
    • Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
  • The Power of Storytelling
  • Why iPhones?
  • Michael on Media
  • Books
  • Contact
  • About
  • What We Do
  • Our Clients
  • Case Studies
    • The BBC
    • CBS News
    • New York Times Television
    • Spectrum News
    • The Newark Star-Ledger
    • The United Nations
    • McGraw/Hill
    • Oyster Yachts
    • Scottish Environmental Protection Agency
  • The Power of Storytelling
  • Why iPhones?
  • Michael on Media
  • Books
  • Contact

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts.  We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS Case Study Logos
CBS News

We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.

Learn More
NYT Case Study Logos
New York Times Television

We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.

Learn More
BBC Case Study Logos
The BBC

We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.

Learn More
Spectrum Case Study Logos
Spectrum News

For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.

Learn More
UN Case Study Logos
The United Nations

In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.

Learn More
Star Ledger Case Study Logos
The Newark Star-Ledger

We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.

Learn More
Mcgraw Hill Case Study Logos
Mcgraw Hill

We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.

Learn More
VOA Case Study Logos
Voice of America

In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.

Learn More
Oyster Case Study Logos
Oyster Yachts

British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.

Learn More
SEPA Case Study Logos
Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.

Learn More
Image 11-11-22 at 6.25 PM

Michael on Media

Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.

He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.

Continue reading this post or look back at previous posts.

Read More

Do You Have Questions About Learning Video Skills?

If you would like to know more about our courses contact us and one of our training advisors will be happy to call you.

Contact Us

Copyright 2024. All rights reserved.