#!/usr/bin/perl
# cpanel - scripts/fix-cpanel-perl Copyright 2022 cPanel, L.L.C.
# All rights reserved.
# copyright@cpanel.net http://cpanel.net
# This code is subject to the cPanel license. Unauthorized copying is prohibited
package scripts::fixcpanelperl;
use strict;
use warnings;
### Do not add any extra use/require statements here without talking to BC.
###
### This code is used by the installer for fresh install
### its main goal is to bootstrap & repair cPanel Perl
###
### Thus no dependencies should be added to this special script.
### Because this script uses only system perl code,
### the rest of the cPanel code base gets to have nice things!
### and rely on cPanel Perl stack.
use IPC::Open3 ();
use POSIX ();
use constant COLOR_RED => 31;
use constant COLOR_GREEN => 32;
use constant COLOR_YELLOW => 33;
use constant COLOR_GRAY => 37;
use constant UPDATE_SOURCE_DEFAULT => 'httpupdate.cpanel.net';
use constant PKG_VERSION_SOURCE => '11.108';
use constant PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR => '/usr/local/cpanel/tmp/rpm_downloads';
=pod
=head1 NAME
scripts::fixcpanelperl
=head1 SYNOPSIS
# restore cpanel-perl package when missing
/scripts/fix-cpanel-perl
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This script is used during fresh installation to bootstrap cPanel Perl and install a few
core dependencies packages to run the installation process using cPanel Perl version as early
as possible.
The script can also be used to recover from a catastrophic loss or coruption of the cpanel-perl
packages blocking check_cpanel_pkgs or upcp to recover the system.
This script is automatically invoked if needed when check_cpanel_pkgs cannot run.
=head1 NOTE
The list of Perl packages install by this script should be short.
This script should only use default perl packages install with the system,
no Cpanel packages can be use as part of this script.
=cut
my %shared_install_env = (
LANG => 'C',
LANGUAGE => 'C',
LC_ALL => 'C',
LC_MESSAGES => 'C',
LC_CTYPE => 'C',
);
our %DISTRO_SETUP = (
'centos' => {
name => 'centos',
install_env => {
%shared_install_env,
},
install_cmd => [ '/bin/rpm', '-Uvh', '--force', '--nodeps' ],
template => {
base_url => 'http://%httpupdate%/RPM/%cpanel_major%/%distro_name%/%distro_major%/x86_64',
file_name => '%package%-%version%~el%distro_major%.%arch%.rpm'
},
package_sha512 => 'rpm.sha512', # could use later once pushed to prod sha512
},
'ubuntu' => {
name => 'ubuntu',
install_env => {
%shared_install_env,
DEBIAN_FRONTEND => q[noninteractive],
DEBIAN_PRIORITY => q[critical],
},
install_cmd => [ '/bin/dpkg', '-i', '--force-confnew' ],
template => {
base_url => 'http://%httpupdate%/ubuntu/pool',
base_file_uri => '%package%',
file_name => '%package%_%version%~u%distro_major%_%arch%.deb',
},
package_sha512 => 'sha512',
},
);
our $CPANEL_CONFIG_FILE = '/var/cpanel/cpanel.config';
our $SIG_VALIDATION_CPCONF_KEY = 'signature_validation';
sub colorize_bold {
my ( $color, $msg ) = @_;
return $msg
if !defined $color || -e '/var/cpanel/disable_cpanel_terminal_colors';
$msg ||= '';
return chr(27) . '[1;' . $color . 'm' . $msg . chr(27) . '[0;m';
}
sub DEBUG($) { return _MSG( 'DEBUG', " " . shift ) }
sub ERROR($) {
return _MSG(
colorize_bold( COLOR_RED, 'ERROR' ),
colorize_bold( COLOR_GRAY, shift )
);
}
sub WARN($) {
return _MSG(
colorize_bold( COLOR_YELLOW, 'WARN' ),
colorize_bold( COLOR_YELLOW, shift )
);
}
sub OK($) {
return _MSG(
colorize_bold( COLOR_GREEN, 'OK' ),
colorize_bold( COLOR_GRAY, shift )
);
}
sub INFO($) { return _MSG( 'INFO', shift ) }
sub FATAL($) {
_MSG(
colorize_bold( COLOR_RED, 'FATAL' ),
colorize_bold( COLOR_RED, shift )
);
die "\n";
}
# Cached and used all over the place.
our ( $wget_bin, $wget_args, $GPG_BIN );
our ( $DISTRO_TYPE, $DISTRO_MAJOR );
our $_distro_instance;
my %sha;
exit script(@ARGV) unless caller();
# return the instance of the current distro
sub current_distro {
return $_distro_instance if $_distro_instance;
$DISTRO_TYPE or FATAL("DISTRO_TYPE is not set");
$_distro_instance = $DISTRO_SETUP{$DISTRO_TYPE}
or FATAL("Unknown distro type $DISTRO_TYPE. Cannot bootstrap cpanel-perl");
return $_distro_instance;
}
# init all our global for the scripts
sub _init {
( $wget_bin, $wget_args ) = get_download_tool_binary();
$GPG_BIN = gpg_bin();
( $DISTRO_TYPE, $DISTRO_MAJOR ) = os_info();
# order matters
current_distro() or FATAL("Cannot guess current distro");
return;
}
sub script {
my (@args) = @_;
return 0 if cpanel_perl_is_stable();
loop_protection();
ERROR("Core cpanel-perl modules have been found to be corrupt. Attempting to correct this.") unless $ENV{CPANEL_BASE_INSTALL};
# init globals first, or things will break in a hard to debug way since output is stifled on install
_init();
fetch_and_install_gpg_keys()
unless $ENV{CPANEL_BASE_INSTALL_GPG_KEYS_IMPORTED};
download_pkg_sha512();
chdir(PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR)
or FATAL( "Fail to chdir to " . PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR );
my $core_perl_pid;
if ( $core_perl_pid = fork() ) {
# handle just after...
}
elsif ( defined $core_perl_pid ) {
wget_and_validate_file( core_perl_pkg() );
install_packages( core_perl_pkg() ) and exit 1;
exit(0);
}
else {
die "The system failed to fork because of an error: $!";
}
# download package while doing the first transaction
my $pkgs = pkgs_to_download();
foreach my $package_name ( sort keys %$pkgs ) {
wget_and_validate_file( $package_name, $pkgs->{$package_name} );
}
{
waitpid( $core_perl_pid, 0 );
FATAL "Core perl package transaction failed" unless $? == 0;
}
install_packages(%$pkgs);
FATAL "package transaction failed" unless $? == 0;
OK("cpanel-perl is now restored, checking all cpanel packages.");
my @to_cleanup = (
current_distro()->{package_sha512},
current_distro()->{package_sha512} . '.asc',
@{ get_packages_filename( core_perl_pkg() ) },
@{ get_packages_filename(%$pkgs) },
);
cleanup_files(@to_cleanup);
# updatenow.static will do the needful during an install.
return 0 if $ENV{CPANEL_BASE_INSTALL};
# This should be changed to check_cpanel_pkgs at some point
if ( !-x '/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/bin/perl' ) {
FATAL "/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/bin/perl is missing";
}
if ( !-e '/usr/local/cpanel/scripts/check_cpanel_pkgs' ) {
FATAL "Unable to run scripts/check_cpanel_pkgs. You will need to run updatenow.static and then re-run /usr/local/cpanel/scripts/check_cpanel_pkgs --fix";
}
setup_env_for_distro();
exec(qw{/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/bin/perl /usr/local/cpanel/scripts/check_cpanel_pkgs --fix --long-list --no-digest})
or FATAL "Failed to exec /usr/local/cpanel/scripts/check_cpanel_pkgs --fix";
return 255;
}
sub loop_protection {
$ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL} = 0 unless defined $ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL};
++$ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL};
if ( $ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL} > 3 ) {
FATAL "$0 was run mulitple times without fixing your system. Aborting. (loop detection)";
return 1;
}
elsif ( $ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL} > 1 ) {
WARN( "Running $0 an extra time " . $ENV{CPANEL_FIX_PERL} );
}
return;
}
sub render_filename {
my ( $package, $version_arch ) = @_;
my $filename = current_distro()->{template}->{file_name}
or FATAL("Undefined file_name");
# 3.75-1.cp108.noarch
my ( $v, $arch ) = ( $version_arch =~ m{^(.+)\.([^\.]+)$} );
FATAL("Cannot parse version / arch from $package $version_arch")
unless defined $v && defined $arch;
if ( current_distro()->{name} eq 'ubuntu' ) {
$arch = ( $arch =~ m/86/ ) ? 'amd64' : 'all';
}
return tt(
$filename,
{ package => $package, version => $v, arch => $arch }
);
}
sub render_fileuri {
my ( $package, $version_arch ) = @_;
my $filename = render_filename( $package, $version_arch );
my $uri = ''; # not for all distro
if ( my $base_file_uri = current_distro()->{template}->{base_file_uri} ) {
$uri = tt(
$base_file_uri,
{ package => $package, version_arch => $version_arch }
);
}
$uri .= '/' if defined $uri && length $uri;
$uri .= $filename;
return $uri;
}
sub get_packages_filename {
my @files;
while ( scalar @_ ) {
my $package = shift @_;
my $version_arch = shift @_;
push @files, render_filename( $package, $version_arch );
}
return \@files;
}
sub install_packages {
my (@packages) = @_;
return unless scalar @packages;
my $files = get_packages_filename(@packages);
my @cmd = ( @{ current_distro()->{install_cmd} }, @$files );
DEBUG( "Installing packages: " . join( ' ', @cmd ) );
local %ENV = %ENV;
setup_env_for_distro();
return system(@cmd);
}
sub setup_env_for_distro {
# setup some special environment variables for running the install command
my $env = current_distro()->{install_env};
return unless defined $env && ref $env;
foreach my $k ( keys %$env ) {
$ENV{$k} = $env->{$k};
}
return;
}
sub cleanup_files {
my (@files) = @_;
foreach my $f (@files) {
unlink( PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR . '/' . $f );
}
return;
}
sub os_info {
my ( $distro_type, $distro_major );
# Trust the Cpanel-OS symlink if it is present. This allows Cache locking to function here.
my $cpanel_os_cache_file = '/var/cpanel/caches/Cpanel-OS';
if ( -l $cpanel_os_cache_file ) {
my @sysinfo = split /\|/, readlink($cpanel_os_cache_file);
( $distro_type, $distro_major ) = @sysinfo[ 1, 2 ];
}
if ( $distro_type && $distro_major ) {
# Got it from cache!
}
elsif ( open( my $fh, "<", "/etc/os-release" ) ) { # everything but CL6 has this file.
my $line; # buffer
while ( $line = <$fh> ) {
if ( index( $line, "ID=" ) == 0 ) {
$distro_type = _clean_value( $line => length("ID=") );
}
elsif ( index( $line, "VERSION_ID=" ) == 0 ) {
$distro_major = _clean_value( $line => length("VERSION_ID=") );
$distro_major =~ s/\..+//; # Strip off .04 from 20.04
}
last if $distro_type && $distro_major;
}
}
elsif ( -e "/etc/redhat-release" ) { # cloudlinux 6
open( my $cr_fh, "<", "/etc/redhat-release" )
or die "Could not open “/etc/redhat-release” for reading: $!\n";
my $line = <$cr_fh>;
($distro_major) = $line =~ m/(\d+)/;
($distro_type) = $line =~ m/^\s*(\w+)/;
$distro_type = lc $distro_type;
}
else {
die("Unable to find /etc/redhat-release or /etc/os-release for system info");
}
$distro_type = 'centos' if $distro_type =~ m/cloud|red|alma|rhel|rocky/i;
($distro_major) = $distro_major =~ m/^\s*0*\s*(\d+)/
if $distro_type eq 'centos'; # Strip off the minor version for centos RPMs. Alma linux is a special snowflake!
return ( $distro_type, $distro_major );
}
sub _clean_value {
my ( $str, $strip ) = @_;
die "Internal _clean_value() called without a value (did you make changes to this code recently?)\n"
if !defined $str;
chomp $str;
$str = substr( $str, $strip );
if ( substr( $str, 0, 1 ) eq '"' ) {
$str = substr( $str, 1, length($str) );
$str = substr( $str, 0, length($str) - 1 );
}
return $str;
}
sub cpanel_perl_is_stable {
my ($pkg_info) = @_;
my $perl_bin = '/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/bin/perl';
my $command = $perl_bin;
$command .= " -M$_" foreach minimum_cpanel_perl_modules();
my $got = `$command -E'sub foo (\$bar) { ... }; print q{ok}' 2>&1`; ## no critic qw(Cpanel::ProhibitQxAndBackticks)
return 0 unless !$? && $got && $got eq 'ok';
if ( my $v = _perl_version() ) {
my $out = `$perl_bin -E 'say \$]'`;
return unless $out =~ m{^\Q$v\E};
}
return 1;
}
sub _perl_major {
my ($perl_pkg) = core_perl_pkg();
return $1 if $perl_pkg =~ m{-(\d+)$};
return;
}
sub _perl_version {
my $major = _perl_major() or return;
if ( $major =~ m{^(\d)(\d+)$} ) {
my ( $rev, $version ) = ( $1, $2 );
return sprintf( '%d.%03d', $rev, $version );
}
return;
}
sub download_pkg_sha512 {
# Setup the directory as best we can.
unlink PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR; # Just in case it's a file (that'd be weird)
system( '/bin/mkdir', '-p', PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR )
unless -d PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR;
-d PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR
or FATAL( "Can't make directory " . PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR );
my $package_sha512 = current_distro()->{package_sha512}
or FATAL("no package_sha512 filename set");
my $sha_file = sprintf( "%s/%s", PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR, $package_sha512 );
my $sig_file = sprintf( "%s/%s.asc", PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR, $package_sha512 );
#
my $sha_url = sprintf( "%s/%s", url_base(), $package_sha512 );
my $sig_url = sprintf( "%s/%s.asc", url_base(), $package_sha512 );
download_file( $sig_url, $sig_file );
download_file( $sha_url, $sha_file );
verify_file_signature( $sha_file, $sig_file, $sha_url );
open( my $fh, '<', $sha_file ) or FATAL("Can't read $sha_file");
while ( my $line = <$fh> ) {
chomp $line;
my ( $sha, $file ) = split( qr{\s+}, $line );
$sha{$file} = $sha;
}
close $fh;
return;
}
my $url_base; #cached;
sub url_base {
return $url_base if defined $url_base;
return $url_base = tt( current_distro()->{template}->{base_url} );
}
sub tt {
my ( $str, $extra ) = @_;
return unless defined $str;
my $httpupdate = get_update_source();
my $cpanel_major = PKG_VERSION_SOURCE;
$extra = {} unless defined $extra;
my $tt = {
httpupdate => $httpupdate,
cpanel_major => $cpanel_major,
distro_name => $DISTRO_TYPE,
distro_major => $DISTRO_MAJOR,
ref $extra ? %$extra : (),
};
my $s = sub {
my $k = shift or FATAL("Undefined key");
my $v = $tt->{$k};
FATAL("Unexpected template variables '$k' in base URL ")
unless defined $v;
return $v;
};
$str =~ s{\%([a-z_]+)\%}{$s->($1)}eg;
return $str;
}
sub get_download_tool_binary {
for my $bin (qw(/bin/wget /usr/bin/wget /usr/local/bin/wget)) {
# check if the binary exists
next unless -e $bin && -x _ && -s _;
# use it
if ( `$bin --version 2>/dev/null` =~ m/GNU\s+Wget\s+[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/ims ) { ## no critic qw(ProhibitQxAndBackticks)
return (
$bin,
' -nv --no-dns-cache --tries=20 --timeout=60 --dns-timeout=60 --read-timeout=30 --waitretry=1 --retry-connrefused -O'
);
}
}
# If $wget_bin is not set, then wget is not installed and
# We do not have a fallback for Cpanel::SecureDownload::fetch_url()
FATAL("Can't bootstrap cpanel-perl without a working file download method. Try installing the wget package manually.");
return;
}
sub gpg_bin {
for my $bin (qw(/bin/gpg /usr/bin/gpg /usr/local/bin/gpg)) {
next unless -e $bin && -x _ && -s _;
return $bin;
}
FATAL "Can't bootstrap cpanel-perl without gpg. Try installing the gnupg2 package manually.";
return;
}
sub _MSG {
my $level = shift;
my $msg = shift || '';
chomp $msg;
my $message_caller_depth = 1;
my ( $sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year, $wday, $yday, $isdst ) = localtime;
my ( $package, $filename, $line ) = caller($message_caller_depth);
my $stamp_msg = sprintf(
"%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %4s (%5s): %s\n",
$year + 1900, $mon + 1, $mday, $hour, $min,
$sec, $line, $level, $msg
);
print $stamp_msg;
return;
}
{
my $update_source;
sub get_update_source {
return $update_source if defined $update_source;
my $source_file = '/etc/cpsources.conf';
# pull in from cpsources.conf if it's set.
if ( open( my $fh, "<", $source_file ) ) {
while (<$fh>) {
next if $_ !~ m/^\s*HTTPUPDATE\s*=\s*(\S+)/;
$update_source = "$1";
last;
}
}
$update_source = UPDATE_SOURCE_DEFAULT unless $update_source;
INFO("Downloading bootstrap packages from $update_source");
return $update_source;
}
}
sub wget_and_validate_file {
my ( $package_name, $version_arch ) = @_;
my $uri = render_fileuri( $package_name, $version_arch );
my $filename;
if ( index( $uri, '/' ) == -1 ) {
$filename = $uri;
}
else {
($filename) = ( $uri =~ m{/([^/]+)$} );
}
FATAL("Cannot guess filename for path $uri") unless length $filename;
my $url = url_base() . '/' . $uri;
my $expected_sha = $sha{$uri};
FATAL("No sha defined for file $uri") unless defined $expected_sha;
my $pkg_file_path = download_file( $url, PKG_DOWNLOADS_DIR . '/' . $filename );
my $result = `/usr/bin/sha512sum $pkg_file_path 2>&1`; ## no critic qw(Cpanel::ProhibitQxAndBackticks)
my ($sha) = $result =~ m/^([a-fA-F0-9]+)/;
if ( $expected_sha ne $sha ) {
FATAL("Couldn't verify the expected sha ($sha{$filename}) for $filename. Got $sha");
}
return;
}
## used by unit tests - this should be the only 'require' statement
##
sub _require_securedownload {
require Cpanel::SecureDownload;
return;
}
#
# Cpanel::SecureDownload is the preferred method as it will
# attempt Cpanel::HTTP::Client, curl, then wget. And it will
# attempt to use Mozilla::CA if available.
# However, depending on the broken state if perl, it might
# not work. In that case we can go back to directly invoking
# wget via backticks as before.
#
sub attempt_secure_download_file {
my ( $url, $dest_file ) = @_;
# Add this so that Cpanel::SecureDownload will pick up the
# latest version of Mozilla::CA if we have it installed
local @INC = (
'/usr/local/cpanel',
'/usr/local/cpanel/3rdparty/perl/536/cpanel-lib', @INC
);
my ( $success, $msg );
eval {
_require_securedownload();
my %options = (
'output-file' => $dest_file,
'not-verbose' => 1,
'tries' => 20,
'retry-delay' => 1,
'timeout' => 60,
'dns-timeout' => 60,
'read-timeout' => 30,
'no-dns-cache' => 1,
'retry-connrefused' => 1,
);
( $success, $msg ) = Cpanel::SecureDownload::fetch_url( $url, %options );
};
if ( !$@ && $success && -e $dest_file && !-z $dest_file ) {
return 1;
}
# Warn if an exception had been thrown, that means there was trouble loading
# Cpanel::SecureDownload. However, we do not need to warn on errors returned
# from fetch_url as it already warns when each method fails
if ($@) {
WARN "Could not invoke Cpanel::SecureDownload::fetch_url: $@";
}
return;
}
sub minimum_cpanel_perl_modules {
return qw{
common::sense
B::COW
CDB_File
IO::SigGuard
JSON::XS
Compress::Raw::Lzma
Proc::FastSpawn
Try::Tiny
Types::Serialiser
YAML::Syck
Net::SSLeay
IO::Socket::SSL
Guard
Promise::ES6
Promise::XS
Class::XSAccessor
Net::Curl::Promiser
Net::Curl
cPanel::APIClient
Call::Context
Module::Runtime
AnyEvent
JSON
X::Tiny
URI
File::Path::Tiny
Test::Exception
Sub::Uplevel
File::Slurper
PerlIO::utf8_strict
Sereal::Encoder
Sereal::Decoder
IO::Pty
};
}
sub core_perl_pkg {
return ( 'cpanel-perl-536' => '5.36.0-10.cp108.x86_64' );
}
sub pkgs_to_download {
my %packages = qw{
cpanel-perl-536-common-sense 3.75-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-b-cow 0.004-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-cdb.file 0.99-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-io-sigguard 0.15-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-json-xs 4.04-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-compress-raw-lzma 2.201-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-proc-fastspawn 1.2-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-try-tiny 0.31-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-types-serialiser 1.01-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-yaml-syck 1.47-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-net-ssleay 1.92-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-io-socket-ssl 2.074-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-guard 1.023-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-promise-es6 0.25-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-promise-xs 0.16-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-class-xsaccessor 1.19-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-net-curl-promiser 0.18-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-net-curl 0.50-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-cpanel-apiclient 0.08-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-call-context 0.03-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-module-runtime 0.016-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-anyevent 7.17-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-json 4.07-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-x-tiny 0.22-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-uri 5.10-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-sub-uplevel 0.2800-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-test-exception 0.43-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-file-path-tiny 1.0-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-file-slurper 0.013-1.cp108.noarch
cpanel-perl-536-perlio-utf8.strict 0.009-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-sereal-encoder 4.023-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-sereal-decoder 4.023-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-perl-536-io-tty 1.23-1.cp108.x86_64
cpanel-3rdparty-bin 108.1-1.cp108.noarch
};
return \%packages;
}
sub download_file {
my ( $url, $dest_file ) = @_;
DEBUG "Retrieving $url";
# Don't call attempt_secure_download_file on new installs, as Cpanel::SecureDownload will
# not be present on the system at the point where fix-cpanel-perl is called.
if ( !$ENV{'CPANEL_BASE_INSTALL'}
&& attempt_secure_download_file( $url, $dest_file ) ) {
return $dest_file;
}
my $output = `$wget_bin $wget_args '$dest_file' $url 2>&1`; ## no critic qw(Cpanel::ProhibitQxAndBackticks)
if ( !-e $dest_file || -z $dest_file ) {
unlink $dest_file;
FATAL "The system could not fetch $url to file $dest_file: $output";
}
return $dest_file;
}
sub signature_validation_enabled {
my $config = read_config();
return 1 unless defined $config->{$SIG_VALIDATION_CPCONF_KEY};
return 0
if $config->{$SIG_VALIDATION_CPCONF_KEY} eq '0'
|| lc( $config->{$SIG_VALIDATION_CPCONF_KEY} ) eq 'off';
return 1;
}
sub verify_file_signature {
my ( $file, $sig, $url ) = @_;
if ( !signature_validation_enabled() ) {
INFO "Skipping signature validation [currently disabled in cpanel.config]";
return;
}
INFO "FILE - $file";
INFO "SIG - $sig";
INFO "URL - $url";
my @gpg_args = (
'--logger-fd', '1', '--status-fd', '1',
'--homedir', gpg_homedir(), '--verify', $sig,
$file,
);
# Verify the validity of the GPG signature.
# Information on these return values can be found in 'doc/DETAILS' in the GnuPG source.
my ( %notes, $curnote );
my ( $gpg_out, $success, $status );
my $gpg_pid = IPC::Open3::open3( undef, $gpg_out, undef, $GPG_BIN, @gpg_args );
while ( my $line = readline($gpg_out) ) {
if ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] VALIDSIG ([A-F0-9]+) (\d+-\d+-\d+) (\d+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+) ([A-F0-9]+)$/ ) {
$status = "Valid signature for $file";
$success = 1;
}
elsif ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] NOTATION_NAME (.+)$/ ) {
$curnote = $1;
$notes{$curnote} = '';
}
elsif ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] NOTATION_DATA (.+)$/ ) {
$notes{$curnote} .= $1;
}
elsif ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] BADSIG ([A-F0-9]+) (.+)$/ ) {
$status = "Invalid signature for $file.";
}
elsif ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] NO_PUBKEY ([A-F0-9]+)$/ ) {
$status = "Could not find public key in keychain.";
}
elsif ( $line =~ /^\[GNUPG:\] NODATA ([A-F0-9]+)$/ ) {
$status = "Could not find a GnuPG signature in the signature file.";
}
}
waitpid( $gpg_pid, 0 );
$status ||= "Unknown error from gpg.";
$status .= " ($file)";
if ($success) {
INFO $status;
}
else {
FATAL $status;
}
# At this point, the signature should be valid.
# We now need to check to see if the filename signature notation is correct.
my ($url_path) = $url =~ m{^https?://[-.a-zA-Z0-9]+(/.+)};
$url_path or FATAL("Can't parse $url");
if ( defined( $notes{'filename@gpg.notations.cpanel.net'} ) ) {
my $file_note = $notes{'filename@gpg.notations.cpanel.net'};
if ( $file_note ne $url_path ) {
FATAL "Filename notation ($file_note) does not match URL ($url_path).";
}
}
else {
FATAL "Signature does not contain a filename notation.";
}
return;
}
sub fetch_and_install_gpg_keys {
my $pub_keys = public_keys();
_create_gpg_homedir();
INFO("fetch and install gpg keys");
FATAL("gpg bin unset") unless defined $GPG_BIN;
foreach my $key ( @{ keys_to_download() } ) {
INFO("Downloading GPG public key, $pub_keys->{$key}");
my $target = secure_downloads() . $pub_keys->{$key};
my $dest = gpg_homedir() . "/" . $pub_keys->{$key};
my $wget_out = download_file( $target, $dest, 1, 1 );
if ( !-e $dest ) {
WARN("Could not download GPG public key at $target : $wget_out");
return;
}
my $gpg_cmd = $GPG_BIN . " -q --homedir " . gpg_homedir() . " --import " . $dest;
DEBUG($gpg_cmd);
my $out = `$gpg_cmd`; ## no critic qw(ProhibitQxAndBackticks)
ERROR($out) if $? && length $out;
}
return;
}
sub _create_gpg_homedir {
mkdir( gpg_homedir(), 0700 ) if !-e gpg_homedir();
return;
}
our $CACHE_CONFIG;
sub read_config {
my $file = $CPANEL_CONFIG_FILE;
return $CACHE_CONFIG if $CACHE_CONFIG;
my $config = {};
open( my $fh, "<", $file ) or return $config;
while ( my $line = readline $fh ) {
chomp $line;
if ( $line =~ m/^\s*([^=]+?)\s*$/ ) {
my $key = $1 or next; # Skip loading the key if it's undef or 0
$config->{$key} = undef;
}
elsif ( $line =~ m/^\s*([^=]+?)\s*=\s*(.*?)\s*$/ ) {
my $key = $1 or next; # Skip loading the key if it's undef or 0
$config->{$key} = $2;
}
}
$CACHE_CONFIG = $config;
return $config;
}
sub keys_to_download {
my $config = read_config();
my $keyrings = gpg_keyrings();
my $use_key = 'release'; # default key
if ( defined $config->{'signature_validation'}
&& $config->{'signature_validation'} =~ /^Release and (?:Development|Test) Keyrings$/ ) {
$use_key = 'development';
}
my $mirror = get_update_source();
if ( $mirror =~ /^(?:.*\.dev|qa-build|next)\.cpanel\.net$/ ) {
if ( !defined $config->{'signature_validation'} ) {
$use_key = 'development';
}
elsif ( $use_key ne 'development' ) {
WARN("Using cPanel GPG '$use_key' key for mirror $mirror (consider using 'development')");
}
}
FATAL("Unknown key for $use_key") unless defined $keyrings->{$use_key};
WARN("Using cPanel GPG key '$use_key'") if $use_key ne 'release';
return $keyrings->{$use_key};
}
# The installer may set $ENV{'CPANEL_BASE_INSTALL_GPG_KEYS_IMPORTED'}
# to true in which case the keys will be in /var/cpanel/.gpgtmpdir
sub gpg_homedir {
return '/var/cpanel/.gpgtmpdir';
}
sub public_keys {
return {
'release' => 'cPanelPublicKey.asc',
'development' => 'cPanelDevelopmentKey.asc',
};
}
sub secure_downloads {
return 'https://securedownloads.cpanel.net/';
}
sub gpg_keyrings {
return {
'release' => ['release'],
'development' => [ 'release', 'development' ],
};
}
1;
Rosenblum TV: Video training, virtual workshops, classes, tutorials
RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*
A revolution in video storytelling
Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods
From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™
*and every other business that uses video
WHAT WE DO
Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.
We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.
No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.
This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.
In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.
In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.
It’s a combination that works.
We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.
And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.
EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE
ITAY HOD
Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.
Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.
Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.
KIET DO
Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.
Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.
TAYLOR SCHAUB
Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.
Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.
THE BOOTCAMP
How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?
Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps
We have done these all over the world.
These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.
-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.
-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.
-We are entirely character-driven.
-We are driven by pictures and real events.
-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.
Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.
We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.
We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.
We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.
For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.
In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.
We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.
We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.
In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.
British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.
We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.
Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.
He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.
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