import contextlib import os import pathlib import shutil import stat import sys import zipfile __all__ = ['ZipAppError', 'create_archive', 'get_interpreter'] # The __main__.py used if the users specifies "-m module:fn". # Note that this will always be written as UTF-8 (module and # function names can be non-ASCII in Python 3). # We add a coding cookie even though UTF-8 is the default in Python 3 # because the resulting archive may be intended to be run under Python 2. MAIN_TEMPLATE = """\ # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import {module} {module}.{fn}() """ # The Windows launcher defaults to UTF-8 when parsing shebang lines if the # file has no BOM. So use UTF-8 on Windows. # On Unix, use the filesystem encoding. if sys.platform.startswith('win'): shebang_encoding = 'utf-8' else: shebang_encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding() class ZipAppError(ValueError): pass @contextlib.contextmanager def _maybe_open(archive, mode): if isinstance(archive, pathlib.Path): archive = str(archive) if isinstance(archive, str): with open(archive, mode) as f: yield f else: yield archive def _write_file_prefix(f, interpreter): """Write a shebang line.""" if interpreter: shebang = b'#!' + interpreter.encode(shebang_encoding) + b'\n' f.write(shebang) def _copy_archive(archive, new_archive, interpreter=None): """Copy an application archive, modifying the shebang line.""" with _maybe_open(archive, 'rb') as src: # Skip the shebang line from the source. # Read 2 bytes of the source and check if they are #!. first_2 = src.read(2) if first_2 == b'#!': # Discard the initial 2 bytes and the rest of the shebang line. first_2 = b'' src.readline() with _maybe_open(new_archive, 'wb') as dst: _write_file_prefix(dst, interpreter) # If there was no shebang, "first_2" contains the first 2 bytes # of the source file, so write them before copying the rest # of the file. dst.write(first_2) shutil.copyfileobj(src, dst) if interpreter and isinstance(new_archive, str): os.chmod(new_archive, os.stat(new_archive).st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC) def create_archive(source, target=None, interpreter=None, main=None): """Create an application archive from SOURCE. The SOURCE can be the name of a directory, or a filename or a file-like object referring to an existing archive. The content of SOURCE is packed into an application archive in TARGET, which can be a filename or a file-like object. If SOURCE is a directory, TARGET can be omitted and will default to the name of SOURCE with .pyz appended. The created application archive will have a shebang line specifying that it should run with INTERPRETER (there will be no shebang line if INTERPRETER is None), and a __main__.py which runs MAIN (if MAIN is not specified, an existing __main__.py will be used). It is an to specify MAIN for anything other than a directory source with no __main__.py, and it is an error to omit MAIN if the directory has no __main__.py. """ # Are we copying an existing archive? source_is_file = False if hasattr(source, 'read') and hasattr(source, 'readline'): source_is_file = True else: source = pathlib.Path(source) if source.is_file(): source_is_file = True if source_is_file: _copy_archive(source, target, interpreter) return # We are creating a new archive from a directory. if not source.exists(): raise ZipAppError("Source does not exist") has_main = (source / '__main__.py').is_file() if main and has_main: raise ZipAppError( "Cannot specify entry point if the source has __main__.py") if not (main or has_main): raise ZipAppError("Archive has no entry point") main_py = None if main: # Check that main has the right format. mod, sep, fn = main.partition(':') mod_ok = all(part.isidentifier() for part in mod.split('.')) fn_ok = all(part.isidentifier() for part in fn.split('.')) if not (sep == ':' and mod_ok and fn_ok): raise ZipAppError("Invalid entry point: " + main) main_py = MAIN_TEMPLATE.format(module=mod, fn=fn) if target is None: target = source.with_suffix('.pyz') elif not hasattr(target, 'write'): target = pathlib.Path(target) with _maybe_open(target, 'wb') as fd: _write_file_prefix(fd, interpreter) with zipfile.ZipFile(fd, 'w') as z: root = pathlib.Path(source) for child in root.rglob('*'): arcname = str(child.relative_to(root)) z.write(str(child), arcname) if main_py: z.writestr('__main__.py', main_py.encode('utf-8')) if interpreter and not hasattr(target, 'write'): target.chmod(target.stat().st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC) def get_interpreter(archive): with _maybe_open(archive, 'rb') as f: if f.read(2) == b'#!': return f.readline().strip().decode(shebang_encoding) def main(args=None): """Run the zipapp command line interface. The ARGS parameter lets you specify the argument list directly. Omitting ARGS (or setting it to None) works as for argparse, using sys.argv[1:] as the argument list. """ import argparse parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument('--output', '-o', default=None, help="The name of the output archive. " "Required if SOURCE is an archive.") parser.add_argument('--python', '-p', default=None, help="The name of the Python interpreter to use " "(default: no shebang line).") parser.add_argument('--main', '-m', default=None, help="The main function of the application " "(default: use an existing __main__.py).") parser.add_argument('--info', default=False, action='store_true', help="Display the interpreter from the archive.") parser.add_argument('source', help="Source directory (or existing archive).") args = parser.parse_args(args) # Handle `python -m zipapp archive.pyz --info`. if args.info: if not os.path.isfile(args.source): raise SystemExit("Can only get info for an archive file") interpreter = get_interpreter(args.source) print("Interpreter: {}".format(interpreter or "<none>")) sys.exit(0) if os.path.isfile(args.source): if args.output is None or (os.path.exists(args.output) and os.path.samefile(args.source, args.output)): raise SystemExit("In-place editing of archives is not supported") if args.main: raise SystemExit("Cannot change the main function when copying") create_archive(args.source, args.output, interpreter=args.python, main=args.main) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS News

We have started to work with CBS News, bringing our ideas of character-driven storytelling to one of the most successful and biggest networks in the United States. Since beginning to work with them ratings have climbed and more importantly, audience engagement is through the ceiling.

Learn More

New York Times Television

We started New York Times Television in 1990 and it was the first paper to be brought into the world of TV. It quickly became one of the most successful non-fiction production companies in the United States. The series and documentaries we produced won many awards including multiple Emmys.

Learn More

The BBC

We have been working with the BBC since the year 2000 helping to convert their national news network to our visual storytelling technique. Most recently we have trained teams from their sports, documentaries, and comedy divisions to make character-driven stories using only smartphones.

Learn More

Spectrum News

For the past five years we have worked with Spectrum News to introduce and train their journalists on visual, character driven storytelling using smartphones helping to create a different kind of local news for their network of 24-Hour News Stations across the United States.

Learn More

The United Nations

In 2006, we were approached by the United Nations. Rather than rely on news outlets, it would be much easier to train the field operatives to produce their own stories. We spent two years working with the UN, training more than 100 of their staff in bootcamps in Geneva and Nairobi.

Learn More

The Newark Star-Ledger

We trained 50 print reporters at the paper to shoot and tell their own stories, in conjunction with their print work. We built a TV newsroom in their existing print newsroom – you could not ask for a better set and they began to live stream their stories in conjunction with their print work.

Learn More

Mcgraw Hill

We spent two years with McGraw Hill, training more than 150 of their staffers, making them completely video literate. McGraw/Hill media properties we transit included Business Week, Aviation Week, (what was the name of the architecture magazine), and JD Power and Associates.

Learn More

Voice of America

In 1990, we were approached by The Voice of America, the official broadcasting agency for the United States Government. When we met with VOA, they were only a short wave radio broadcaster, but working with them, we took them into television, launching VOA-TV.

Learn More

Oyster Yachts

British based Oyster Yachts makes some of the finest yachts in the world. Like every other company, they had to find a way to feed the never-ending video demands of social media – sites like Instagram and TikTok. We trained the Oyster staff to tell their own stories, using only iPhones.

Learn More

Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

We were approached by SEPA, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency because they had to continually find a way to ‘feed the media beast’. The result was that SEPA was able to tell their own stories, whenever they wanted, and at almost no additional cost.

Learn More

Michael on Media

Michael Rosenblum has been writing about the media since 1988. His work and ideas have appeared in The Guardian, The Huffington Post, Ilkeston Life and many other publications.

He has been blogging regularly for the past 35 years on this subject. Having taught media studies at Columbia University, NYU and now the University of Oxford, he is considered an expert on this subject.

Continue reading this post or look back at previous posts.

Do You Have Questions About Learning Video Skills?

If you would like to know more about our courses contact us and one of our training advisors will be happy to call you.

Your IP : 216.73.216.103

RE-INVENTING THE TELEVISION NEWS BUSINESS*

A revolution in video storytelling

Creating entirely new & cost-effective production methods

From the world leaders in video production training and the creators of Character Driven Storytelling™

*and every other business that uses video

WHAT WE DO

Over the past 35 years, we have designed, built or restructured some of the most powerful news and journalism companies in the world.

We replace the traditional TV news ‘crew’ with one highly trained journalist, working alone with nothing but an iPhone.

No more TV news ‘crews’, no editors and no field producers.

This is television news done the way newspaper journalism is done – one reporter with their electronic pad and pencil.

In doing this, we can cut the cost of production by as much as 75% while increasing ratings and audience engagement.

In the place of conventional TV news ‘packages’ – ie, reporter stand up, interview, b-roll, man on the street, we marry great journalism with Netflix and Hollywood storytelling.

It’s a combination that works.

We have taken most of our clients to #1 in their respective markets.

And it’s not just for news. Any company, any profit, any NGO and anyone else who is online needs to tell their story in compelling yet cost-effective video. We can teach you to do that. Either in person or virtually.

EXAMPLES OF WHAT WE CAN TEACH YOUR STAFF TO PRODUCE

ITAY HOD

Itay Hod, MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2018.

Because he works alone, with only an iPhone, he was able to embed himself with a homeless family.

Here’s the story he produced in a one-day turn.

KIET DO

Kiet Do, an MMJ with KPIX/CBS in San Francisco, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2021.

Here is a story he produced, all on his own, with only an iPhone and in a one-day turn.

TAYLOR SCHAUB

Taylor Schaub, an MMJ with Spectrum News 1 in LA, took the 5-Day Intensive Video Storytelling Bootcamp in 2023.

Here is a story he turned in only one day, using only an iPhone. It was the first video story he ever did and it was nominated for an Emmy.

THE BOOTCAMP

How do we convert stations and whole networks to working in this way?

Since 1988, we have run intensive 5-Day Video Storytelling Bootcamps

We have done these all over the world.

These are hands-on bootcamps, and participants learn an entirely new way of creating TV news stories.

-We shoot at a 3:1 ratio or lower, so turnaround times are fast.

-We go directly from camera to timelilne and edit – no written scripts. We work in the medium of pictures and sound.

-We are entirely character-driven.

-We are driven by pictures and real events.

-We are focused almost entirely on ’the viewer experience’.

Since 1988, more than 70,000 journalists around the world have taken our bootcamps, either in person on virtualy.

Case Studies

CBS News

New York Times Television

The BBC

Spectrum News

The United Nations

The Newark Star-Ledger

Mcgraw Hill

Voice of America

Oyster Yachts

Scottish Environmental Protection Agency

Michael on Media